Maven Web 應(yīng)用

maven web 應(yīng)用

本章節(jié)介紹如何使用版本控制系統(tǒng) maven 來管理一個基于 web 的項目，如何創(chuàng)建、構(gòu)建、部署已經(jīng)運行一個 web 應(yīng)用。

1. 創(chuàng)建 web 應(yīng)用

我們可以使用 maven-archetype-webapp 插件來創(chuàng)建一個簡單的 java web 應(yīng)用。

打開命令控制臺，進(jìn)入到 c:\mvn 文件夾，然后執(zhí)行以下的 mvn 命令：

c:\mvn>mvn archetype:generate -dgroupid=com.companyname.automobile -dartifactid=trucks -darchetypeartifactid=maven-archetype-webapp  -dinteractivemode=false

執(zhí)行完后 maven 將開始處理，并且創(chuàng)建完整的于java web 項目的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)。

[info] scanning for projects...
[info] searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'.
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] building maven default project
[info]    task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style)
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] preparing archetype:generate
[info] no goals needed for project - skipping
[info] [archetype:generate {execution: default-cli}]
[info] generating project in batch mode
[info] --------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] using following parameters for creating project 
from old (1.x) archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0
[info] --------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] parameter: groupid, value: com.companyname.automobile
[info] parameter: packagename, value: com.companyname.automobile
[info] parameter: package, value: com.companyname.automobile
[info] parameter: artifactid, value: trucks
[info] parameter: basedir, value: c:\mvn
[info] parameter: version, value: 1.0-snapshot
[info] project created from old (1.x) archetype in dir: c:\mvn\trucks
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] build successful
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] total time: 16 seconds
[info] finished at: tue jul 17 11:00:00 ist 2012
[info] final memory: 20m/89m
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------

執(zhí)行完后，我們可以在 c:/mvn 文件夾下看到 trucks 項目，查看項目的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)：

maven 目錄結(jié)構(gòu)是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，各個目錄作用如下表所示:

文件夾結(jié)構(gòu)	描述
trucks	包含 src 文件夾和 pom.xml 文件。
src/main/webapp	包含 index.jsp 文件和 web-inf 文件夾.
src/main/webapp/web-inf	包含 web.xml 文件
src/main/resources	包含圖片、properties資源文件。

pom.xml 文件代碼如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
   xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
   <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
   <groupid>com.companyname.automobile</groupid>
   <artifactid>trucks</artifactid>
   <packaging>war</packaging>
   <version>1.0-snapshot</version>
   <name>trucks maven webapp</name>
   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupid>junit</groupid>
         <artifactid>junit</artifactid>
         <version>3.8.1</version>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
      <finalname>trucks</finalname>
   </build>
</project>

接下來我們打開 c:\ > mvn > trucks > src > main > webapp > 文件夾，可以看到一個已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好的 index.jsp 文件，代碼如下：

<html>
   <body>
      <h2>hello world!</h2>
   </body>
</html>

2. 構(gòu)建 web 應(yīng)用

打開命令控制臺，進(jìn)入 c:\mvn\trucks 目錄，然后執(zhí)行下面的以下 mvn 命令：

c:\mvn\trucks>mvn clean package

maven 將開始構(gòu)建項目:

[info] scanning for projects...
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] building trucks maven webapp
[info]    task-segment: [clean, package]
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] [clean:clean {execution: default-clean}]
[info] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}]
[warning] using platform encoding (cp1252 actually) to 
copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent!
[info] copying 0 resource
[info] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}]
[info] no sources to compile
[info] [resources:testresources {execution: default-testresources}]
[warning] using platform encoding (cp1252 actually) to 
copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent!
[info] skip non existing resourcedirectory 
c:\mvn\trucks\src\test\resources
[info] [compiler:testcompile {execution: default-testcompile}]
[info] no sources to compile
[info] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}]
[info] no tests to run.
[info] [war:war {execution: default-war}]
[info] packaging webapp
[info] assembling webapp[trucks] in [c:\mvn\trucks\target\trucks]
[info] processing war project
[info] copying webapp resources[c:\mvn\trucks\src\main\webapp]
[info] webapp assembled in[77 msecs]
[info] building war: c:\mvn\trucks\target\trucks.war
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] build successful
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[info] total time: 3 seconds
[info] finished at: tue jul 17 11:22:45 ist 2012
[info] final memory: 11m/85m
[info] -------------------------------------------------------------------